Helicobacter pylori – Multitalented Adaptation of Binding Properties

................................................................................................................ III LIST OF PAPERS ........................................................................................................ V ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................... VII ENKEL SAMMANFATTNING .............................................................................. VIII INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1 HISTORY ..................................................................................................................................... 1 GENERAL FACTS ON H. PYLORI ................................................................................................ 1 Infection and colonization of the stomach .............................................................. 2 Motility and chemotaxis ................................................................................................... 3 Urease ...................................................................................................................................... 3 TRANSMISSION, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND DISEASE OUTCOME ................................................. 4 Transmission and epidemiology ................................................................................... 4 Disease progression and outcome ............................................................................... 5 GENETIC AND GEOGRAPHICAL DIVERSITY ............................................................................ 7 VIRULENCE FACTORS ................................................................................................................ 9 cagPAI .................................................................................................................................... 10 VacA ........................................................................................................................................ 10 OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEINS ............................................................................................. 11 BACTERIAL ADHERENCE ....................................................................................................... 12 Receptor specificity .......................................................................................................... 13 Detachment ......................................................................................................................... 13 H. pylori adherence and detachment ....................................................................... 14 BabA ....................................................................................................................................... 16 SabA ........................................................................................................................................ 19 Mucin interactions ............................................................................................................ 20 THE RECEPTORS FOR H. PYLORI .......................................................................................... 21 The ABH antigens ............................................................................................................. 21 Lewis antigens .................................................................................................................... 23 AIMS OF THE THESIS ............................................................................................................. 24 RESULTS ................................................................................................................... 25 PAPER I .................................................................................................................................... 25 PAPER II .................................................................................................................................. 27 PAPER III ................................................................................................................................. 30 PAPER IV ................................................................................................................................. 31 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUDING REMARKS ................................................... 33 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................... 36 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................... 38